市场概况

碘是一种存在于各种海藻中的化学元素，与淀粉发生反应并变成紫色. 是多种营养成分的重要组成部分, 制药, 和工业应用. The salt concentration in brine is similar to that in seawater.

The Global Iodine Market is projected to experience significant growth, increasing from 38.5 千吨于 2023 到 50.2 万吨 2028, 以复合年增长率 (复合年增长率) 的 5.41% 在预测期内 (2023-2028).

在短期内, the growing demand for X-ray contrast media, the prevalence of iodine deficiency, and the extensive applications of iodine derivatives are expected to drive the demand for iodine in the market.

Contrast media plays a crucial role in enhancing medical imaging. Iodine, derived mainly from soil, rock, and brine sources, is widely used in CT and X-ray contrast media. Iodine-containing medications (ICM) are administered to patients to improve the visibility of blood vessels and organs for medical imaging purposes such as X-rays or computed tomography (CT) scans. ICM products can be injected intravenously, taken orally, or used rectally. Iodine is an important component in X-ray contrast media, which involves the electrophilic substitution of the aromatic part of the chemical structure. The production of iodinated contrast media requires efficient recovery and recirculation of spent iodine. These media can also be used in fluoroscopy, angiography, venography, and plain radiography on occasion. Intravenous administration is the most common method, but they can also be administered orally, rectally, cystourethrally, vaginally, intraosseously, or through other routes.

然而, the market faces constraints due to iodine toxicity and health-related issues resulting from excessive consumption. 尽管如此, the increasing demand for biocides presents an opportunity for market growth.

In terms of application, the medical sector is expected to dominate the market due to the rising usage of iodine in treating conditions like goiter.

Europe holds the largest share in the global iodine market, with significant consumption in countries such as Germany, the United Kingdom, 和法国.

市场细分

市场根据多种因素进行细分, including source, 应用, 形式, 和地区.

Segmentation by Source
Underground Brine
Caliche Ore
Recycling
Seaweeds

按应用细分
Animal Feeds
医疗的
Biocides
Optical Polarizing Films
Fluorochemicals
Nylon
其他应用 (Human Nutrition and Catalysts)

按形式细分
Inorganic Salts and Complexes
Organic Compounds
Elementals and Isotopes

按地区细分
北美 – United States and Canada United States, 加拿大, 和墨西哥
欧洲 – 英国, 德国, 法国, 意大利, 和欧洲其他地区
亚太 – 中国, 日本, 印度, 韩国, 以及亚太地区其他地区
拉美 – 巴西, 阿根廷, 和拉丁美洲其他地区
中东和非洲 – 沙特阿拉伯, 南非, 以及中东和非洲其他地区

在 2022, caliche ore emerged as the primary source of iodine due to its widespread availability in mining operations. This can be attributed to unique geological events that have resulted in higher concentrations of iodine in mineral deposits found in caliche ore. The extraction of iodine from these deposits is the method used for its production. Caliche, which refers to natural saltpeter-containing mineral deposits in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile, west of the Andes Mountains, is known to contain the two crystalline forms of iodine: lautarite [Ca(IO3)2] and dietzeite [7Ca(IO3)2*8CaCrO4]. Both forms have an iodine content of approximately 0.04%, 或者 400 parts per million (ppm).

此外, the process of iodine oxidation to iodate occurs through photochemical reactions in the troposphere and at ground level in the nitrate fields before it becomes part of the caliche deposits. Iodine is considered one of the scarcest non-metallic elements in the Earth’s composition, and the caliche ore in northern Chile contains the world’s largest known deposits of nitrates and iodine. It is the sole commercially exploitable source of natural nitrate globally. 此外, the detection of iodine quantities is challenging due to their generally small amounts, necessitating sophisticated chemical methods.

The extraction of pure, high-quality iodine from caliche ore requires careful implementation. To obtain the desired end product, iodate is extracted from the caliche ore, and the quantity of iodine recovered depends on the reduction of the extracted iodate solution to iodine.

The consumption of iodized salt plays a pivotal role in controlling and eliminating iodine deficiency disorders worldwide. Gas chromatography (GC) has been utilized to determine organic iodine compounds, including those derived from seawater. The process involves injecting around 50-100 ml of seawater into a purging unit for degassing. The degassed substances are then transferred, along with helium, into a liquid nitrogen-cooled cold trap. After degassing, the trapped substances are heated, and the liquid nitrogen is removed to transfer the trapped substances to the separation column. A capillary column in GC is used to separate the organic iodine compound by heating the trap at different temperatures ranging from 40 to 240°C. It is crucial to identify the organic iodine compounds present in various edible iodized salt products to ensure their validity and safety.

Iodine is the heaviest stable halogen and a chemical element. It exists as a lustrous, purple-black, non-metallic solid that easily sublimates with gentle heat under standard conditions. In the medical field, iodine finds application in X-ray contrast media, pharmaceuticals, iodophors, and povidone-iodine (disinfectants). The demand for iodine has risen in recent years due to the increased need for X-ray contrast media. This can be attributed to iodine’s low toxicity, high atomic number, and ease of combination with organic compounds.

Iodophors are solutions containing iodine and a solubilizing agent that gradually releases a small amount of iodine into the solution. Povidone-iodine, one of the most widely used iodophors, is commonly employed for surface disinfection in breweries and dairy industries. The development of medical technologies has driven the demand for iodine in this application, as radiographic contrast media containing iodine enhance the visibility of vascular structures and organs during radiographic procedures.

Radioactive iodine is an effective treatment for thyroid gland cancer. The radioactive iodine is absorbed by thyroid cancer cells, even if they have spread to other parts of the body. The radiation emitted then destroys the cancer cells. The European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA) oncology platform supports medical innovation in Europe and facilitates the development of new cancer treatments. The pharmaceutical industry continues to invest in research with over 1,400 cancer medicines in development and more than 1,300 ongoing oncology clinical trials in 2021.

此外, iodine is utilized in pharmaceuticals for the production of disinfectants, bactericides, and analgesics. Tincture of iodine, which contains iodine, is used in synthesizing sodium iodide, potassium iodide, and iodine solutions. The pharmaceutical industry is the largest in North America, followed by Europe and Asia-Pacific. Particularly in Asia-Pacific countries such as India, 中国, and Indonesia, the pharmaceutical industry is experiencing rapid growth, with generic drug production dominating regional pharmaceutical output. The Indian domestic pharmaceutical market was valued at USD 42 十亿 2021 预计将达到美元 120-130 十亿 2030, according to IBEF.

Europe is the major market for iodine consumption, driven by increasing demand from countries like Germany, the United Kingdom, 和法国. In Germany, a leading global economy, the demand for iodine has been pushed by advancements in medical technologies and the significant need for animal feed. The country’s animal feed production reached around 24.51 million metric tons in 2021. 然而, the spread of Avian Influenza (AI) had a severe impact on compounded feed production in 2021. Despite this, growth is expected in the feed industry for 2022, which will subsequently influence the demand for iodine. The United Kingdom’s pharmaceutical industry is also advancing, with investments in research and development and the establishment of manufacturing sites. The country’s pharmaceutical market ranks among the top 10 globally, with approximately 41% of the pharmaceutical products produced being exported. France has a highly regulated domestic pharmaceutical market, with reimbursable drugs accounting for approximately 30% of sales. The country experiences strong competition between generic drug manufacturers and brand-name drug manufacturers.

With the increasing demand from the medical sector, research and development efforts, and various regional trends, the demand for iodine is expected to grow in the forecast period.

竞争格局

The analyzed market exhibits consolidation, with the combined market share of the leading four players amounting to approximately 70% of the global market. 在 2022, SQM SA emerged as the largest producer, holding a significant position in the market. The company actively participates in the market through its dedicated subsidiaries, focusing on providing iodine-related products. Cosayach, 另一方面, secured the second-largest producer position in 2022. This company operates on a global scale by establishing strategic alliances with agents and distributors.

Major companies in the market include ACF Minera SA, American Elements, Algorta Norte SA, Calibre Chemicals Pvt. 有限公司, Cosayach, Deep Water Chemicals, Eskay Iodine, Glide Chem Private Limited, GODO SHIGEN Co. 有限公司, Infinium Pharmachem Pvt. 有限公司, Iochem Corporation, Iofina PLC, ISE Chemicals Corporation, Itochu Chemical Frontier Corporation, Kanto Natural Gas Development Co. 有限公司, NIPPOH CHEMICALS CO. 有限公司, Parad Corporation Pvt. 有限公司, Protochem, Salvi Chemical Industries Ltd, Samrat Pharmachem Limited, SQM SA, Toho Earthtech inc., Unilab Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Pvt. 有限公司.

最新行业发展

In October 2022, GE Healthcare’s Pharmaceutical Diagnostics division made public a significant and enduring accord with Sociedad Química y Minera de Chile S.A. (SQM) to ensure a steady and reliable supply of iodine. Iodine serves as a critical component in the production of contrast media products that are extensively utilized in X-Ray and Computed Tomography (CT) procedures worldwide. This long-term agreement aims to secure a consistent source of iodine, which is vital for the effective execution of medical imaging examinations.

In August 2021, Everstone Capital, a prominent private equity firm based in Singapore, formally announced its acquisition of Calibre Chemicals Pvt. 有限公司. This acquisition was reported to have been completed for a significant sum of USD 100 百万. The strategic acquisition underscores Everstone Capital’s commitment to expanding its investment portfolio and strengthening its presence within the chemical industry.

已回答的关键问题

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